11 Sep 09 YOUR CHILD’S HEALTH/BONE AND JOINT DISORDERS: BONE INFECTIONS (OSTEOMYELITIS)
Osteomyelitis is an infection within the bone. It is more common in children between the ages of 3 and 12 years and occurs more frequently in boys.
Cause
The infection is commonly caused by the Staphylococcus germ, which may enter through an open fracture or infected sore.
Clinical features
The onset of the illness is usually sudden and is often, although not necessarily, characterised by fever and general lassitude. The child may avoid moving the affected limb, and an older child may complain of pain. The commonest bones affected are those of the upper arm and leg. Swelling, redness and tenderness occur over the site of the infection.
Investigations
X-rays, blood tests and special bone scans are performed to confirm the diagnosis. These are usually performed in hospital. X-rays themselves are not always conclusive in the early stages of the infection.
• if your child has an unexplained fever or is generally unwell;
• if your child complains of pain in part of a limb, or does not move a limb;
• if there is any swelling, redness or tenderness over a bone.
Treatment
It is critical that treatment be started as soon as possible, as this leads to the best long-term results and minimal complications.
given orally for several weeks upon discharge from hospital. While in hospital, bed rest is important. Sometimes surgical drainage of the infection under anaesthetic is necessary.
After the acute phase of the illness has passed, physiotherapy helps to maintain the mobility of the limb.
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Tags: General Health
